Hunhu hwegorosi starch, nzira dzekugadzira uye zvigadzirwa zvekushandisa

Gorosi chimwe chezvirimwa zvekudya zvakakosha pasi rose. Chikamu chimwe muzvitatu chehuwandu hwenyika chinovimba negorosi sechikafu chavo chikuru. Kunyanya kushandiswa kwegorosi kugadzira chikafu nekugadzirisa starch. Mumakore achangopfuura, kurima kwenyika yangu kwakakura nekukurumidza, asi mari yevarimi yakawedzera zvishoma nezvishoma, uye kuunganidza kwevarimi kwakaderera. Naizvozvo, kutsvaga nzira yekubuda nayo gorosi renyika yangu, kuwedzera kushandiswa kwegorosi, uye kukwidza mitengo yegorosi yave nyaya hombe mukugadzirisa kwemaitiro ezvekurima kwenyika yangu uye kunyangwe kukanganisa kugadzikana uye kurongeka kwehupfumi hwenyika.
Chikamu chikuru chegorosi is starch, iyo inosvika 75% yehuremu hwezviyo zvegorosi uye ndiyo chikamu chikuru chegorosi endosperm. Kana ichienzaniswa nezvimwe zvinhu zvakabikwa, starch yegorosi ine zvinhu zvakawanda zvepamusoro, senge yakaderera thermal viscosity uye yakaderera gelatinization tembiricha. Maitiro ekugadzira, emuviri nemakemikari zvimiro, kushandiswa kwechigadzirwa chegorosi starch, uye hukama pakati pegorosi starch nemhando yegorosi zvakadzidzwa zvakanyanya kumba nekune dzimwe nyika. Ichi chinyorwa chinopfupisa muchidimbu maitiro egorosi starch, kupatsanurwa uye kutora tekinoroji, uye kushandiswa kwestarch uye gluten.

1. Hunhu hwegorosi starch
Iyo starch yemukati yezviyo yegorosi inotora 58% kusvika 76%, kunyanya muchimiro che starch granules mumasero endosperm egorosi, uye starch iri muupfu hwegorosi inosvika 70%. Mazhinji e starch granules akatenderera uye oval, uye nhamba diki haina kurongeka muchimiro. Zvinoenderana nehukuru hwema granules, gorosi starch inogona kukamurwa kuita hombe-granule starch uye diki-granule starch. Magranules makuru ane dhayamita ye25 kusvika 35 μm anonzi A starch, anoverengera anenge 93.12% yehuremu hwakaoma hwegorosi starch; madiki magranules ane dhayamita ye2 kusvika ku8 μm chete anonzi B starch, anoverengera inosvika 6.8% yehuremu hwakaoma hwegorosi sitachi. Vamwe vanhu vanopatsanurawo gorosi sitachi granules kuita matatu emhando zvimiro zvinoenderana nehukuru hwavo hwedhayamita: mhando A (10 kusvika 40 μm), mhando B (1 kusvika 10 μm) uye mhando C (<1 μm), asi mhando C inowanzoiswa mhando B. Maererano nekugadzirwa kwema molecular, starch yegorosi inoumbwa neamylose uye amylopectin. Amylopectin inonyanya kuwanikwa kunze kwegorosi starch granules, nepo amylose inonyanya kuwanikwa mukati megorosi starch granules. Amylose inotora 22% kusvika 26% yehuwandu hwe starch, uye amylopectin inotora 74% kusvika 78% yehuwandu hwe starch. Wheat starch paste ine hunhu hwekuderera viscosity uye yakaderera gelatinization tembiricha. Kugadzikana kwekupisa kweviscosity mushure megelatinization yakanaka. Iyo viscosity inodzikira zvishoma mushure mekupisa kwenguva refu uye nekukurudzira. Simba rejeri mushure mekutonhora kwakakwirira.

2. Nzira yekugadzira gorosi starch

Parizvino, mafekitori mazhinji egorosi munyika mangu anoshandisa nzira yekugadzira Martin, uye midziyo yayo huru ndeye gluten muchina, gluten screen, gluten drying equipment, nezvimwe.

Gluten dryer airflow collision vortex flash dryer chinhu chinochengetedza simba chekuomesa. Inoshandisa marasha sehuni, uye mhepo inotonhora inopfuura nemubhailer uye inova mweya wakaoma unopisa. Iyo inosanganiswa nezvinhu zvakaparadzirwa mumidziyo mune yakamiswa mamiriro, kuitira kuti gasi uye nhanho dzakasimba dziyerere mberi nehupamhi hwepamusoro, uye panguva imwechete inopfungaira mvura kuti iwane chinangwa chekuomeswa kwezvinhu.

3. Kushandiswa kwegorosi starch

Wheat starch inogadzirwa kubva muupfu hwegorosi. Sezvatinoziva tese, nyika yangu yakapfuma mugorosi, uye zvigadzirwa zvayo zvakakwana, uye inogona kugadzirwa gore rose.

Wheat starch ine zvakawanda zvekushandisa. Inogona kushandiswa kugadzira vermicelli uye mupunga noodle wrappers, uye inoshandiswawo zvakanyanya muminda yemishonga, makemikari indasitiri, papermaking, etc. Inoshandiswa muhuwandu mukukurumidza noodles uye cosmetics maindasitiri. Gorosi sitachi yekubatsira zvinhu - gluten, inogona kugadzirwa mundiro dzakasiyana siyana, uye inogona zvakare kugadzirwa mumagaba emuriwo soseji ekutengesa kunze. Kana yakaomeswa kuita inoshanda gluten poda, iri nyore kuchengetedza uye zvakare chigadzirwa cheiyo chikafu uye chikafu indasitiri.